|
Ujumchin Tribe and East Ujumchin
Banner
The
Ujumchin is an ancient tribe of Mongolia. Tolbot, Genghis Khan's 16th generation descendent,
migrated from the Hangai Mountain to the south of the Gobi Desert. Ongondular, Tolbot's the
youngest son, began to call his tribe Ujumchin, which means the people of the Grape Mountain,
because that was their ancestral homeland before the migration.
During the Tai Zhu years of Late Jin, Dorji, the head of the Ujumchin tribe, lead his tribe to
the Keluren River
due to his dispute with Linden Khan, who was the ruler of the Mongol Tribes
at the time. In the first year of
Cong De (1636), the Ujumchin tribe submitted to the Qing Dynasty. In the
third year of Shun Zhi (1646),
Ujumchin was divided into two banners, Left and Right Wing Banners. The
governor of the Left Wing Banner stayed
at Kuisutolohai stand at the bank of Orhu River (Ulagai River). In 1934 Ujumchin joined the Xilingol League.
In 1945, Dorji Khan, the head of Ujumchin Left Wing Banner, led half of the banner's population
to the vicinity
of the Keluren River in Outer Mongolia after his defeat by the army of Ulanhu, who later
became the first
governor of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. The descendents of Dorji Khan
and his followers still lived
in the same area in Outer Mongolia today. In 1946, the Left Wing Banner of Ujumchin was named East
Ujumchin Banner. After the liberation, East Ujumchin Banner maintained and
developed its traditional animal
husbandry. Since 1991 it has been the top county in China in terms of live-stock number.
East Ujumchin Banner is located in the northeastern part of Xilingol league and Inner Mongolia
Autonomous Region.
It is 850 kiloneters from Beijing, the capital of "Cnina". It covers an area of
47,326 square kilometers and has
a population 57,000, of which 38,000 being Mongolian. The eastern part of
East Ujumchin is higher than the western part
by topography. The Greater Hinggan Mountain is the main mountain, with a height
of 1,500 meters at its Boged Peak.
The major rivers are: the Ulagai, the Seileji, the Hailestai and the Narin
(Narrow) Rivers. There are many lakes
and springs in East Ujumchin.
East Ujumchin is famous for its fertile pastures. The annual average temperature
is below 0 (C), which is well-suited for raising live-stock.
Cultivation of land was forbidden throughout history until 1969, when the Ulagai
Cultivation District was established.
After then, Ulagai river berefted and large areas of land to be cultivated with great damage to the environment. |
